仲夏夜之梦 论文定制版

ContradictionandUnity：InterpretationsofThreeCharacters’DreamsinAMidsummerNightsDream ContradictionandUnity： InterpretationsofThreeCharacters’Dreamsin AMidsummerNightsDream Ⅰ.Introduction WilliamShakespeare(26April1564–23April1616)wasanEnglishpoetandplaywright,widelyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguageandtheworldspreeminentdramatist。

HeisoftencalledEnglandsnationalpoetandthe"BardofAvon"(orsimply"TheBard").Hisplayshavebeentranslatedintoeverymajorlivinglanguage,andareperformedmoreoftenthanthoseofanyotherplaywright. AMidsummerNightsDreamisaromanticcomedybyWilliamShakespeare,suggestedby"TheKnightsTale"

fromGeoffreyChaucersTheCanterburyTales.ItportraystheadventuresoffouryoungAthenianloversandagroupofamateuractors,theirinteractionswiththeDukeandDuchessofAthens,TheseusandHippolyta,andwiththefairieswhoinhabitamoonlitforest.TheplayisoneofShakespearesmostpopularworksforthestageandiswidelyperformedacrosstheworld。

AMidsummerNight’sDreamwasprobablywrittenin159596,andthereforebelongstoShakespeare’searlyperiodasdramatist.Thiswashistimeofapprenticeshiptotheplaywright’scraft,whenhewasexperimentinginvariousdramaticforms,exploringamongthemanymaterialsavailabletohim,tryingoutnewcombinationsofeffects,makinghimselffamiliarwiththetoolsofhiscraft。

andperfectinghisuseofthem.ThisisnottosaythatAMidsummerNight’sDreamisacrudeoramateurishplay.Incertainrespectsitisimperfect:forexample,someofcharactersarepoorlydrawnanddonotalwayscomefullytolife.Yetwhenwetakeintoaccountthemannerinwhichtheyoungdramatisthascombinedsoeffectivelysucharichvarietyofmaterials—delightfulstories。

superbpoetry,charmingsongs,moonlightandmagic,rusticsandfairies,aristocratsandcommonfolk,humor,satire,andsomequiteseriousobservationonloveandmarriage—onecanonlymarvelatthecraftsmanshipthathasbeenabletowelditallintosuchabalanced,controlled,andunifiedwholeasAMidsummerNight’sDreamis. AMidsummerNight’sDreamhasbeenresearchedfromalotofaspectsbymanydramatistsbothhomeandabroad。

Someonefocusesonitswords,someoneconcernsitsplots,andsomeonestudieshumanismitreflects.Itisafamouscomedy,andhasaperfectending.However,thecourseoftrueloveneverdidrunsmooth.Contradictionsarefilledinthelovers’behaviorsandmentalities.Why?Whatisthesource?What’smore,itisthemostfamous“dream”.Then,whatloversdidinthe“dream”iscontrolledbytheirconsciousnessortheirsubconsciousness?Andisthereanyconnectionbetweenthem?Usingthewayofpsychologywillhelpusalot。

andtherewillbemoredetailsinthefollowingdiscussion. Thispaperisgoingtostudytheinterpretationofcharacters,namelyLysander,HermiaandDemetrius,todisplaytheContradictionandUnityoftheplay,alsotoillustrateShakespeare’sviewonloveandpracticalsignificanceofthedrama. Ⅱ.InterpretationsofThreeCharacters’Dreams Inordertounderstandtheplay。

weshouldknowwhattheinnerconnectionbetweenrealityandillusionis;rationalandirrationalbehaviorswhichhidebehindtheloveconflictoftwopairsoflovers?InAMidsummerNight’sDream,Shakespearedescribedthelover’svisiblebutunavailableemotionbygoingdeeplyintopeople’ssoulsthroughtheirunconsciousthoughtsandbehaviors,andshowedtheobscure。

vaguesideofhumannature.Jung’stheorymayhelphere,heviewstheegoasonessenseofselfandhowweportrayourselvestotheworld.PartofJungstheoryisthatallthingscanbeviewedaspairedopposites.Andthusworkinginoppositiontotheego,isthe“counterego”orwhathereferredtoastheshadow.Theshadowrepresentsrejectedaspectsofyourselfthatyoudonotwishtoacknowledge。

Itisconsideredanaspectofyourselfwhichissomewhatmoreprimitive,uncultured,andawkward.InJungsview,dreamsarethedirect,naturalexpressionofthecurrentconditionofthedreamersmentalworld.JungrejectedFreudsclaimthatdreamsintentionallydisguisetheirmeanings;rather,Jungbelievedthatthenatureofdreamsistopresent"。

aspontaneousselfportrayal,insymbolicform,oftheactualsituationintheunconscious"Jungclaimedthatdreamsspeakinadistinctivelanguageofsymbols,images,andmetaphors,alanguagethatistheunconsciousmindsnaturalmeansofexpression.Wehavetroubleunderstandingdreams,Jungsaid,onlybecausethissymboliclanguageissodifferentfromtheLanguageofourwakingconsciousness。

Dreamssometimesportraythedreamersrelationwiththeexternalworld,thatis,withthepeople,events,andactivitiesofthedreamersdailylife.Jungcalledthistheobjectivelevelofadreamsmeaning.Atothertimes,dreamsportraythedreamersinnerworld;thedreamfiguresarepersonificationsofthoughtsandfeelingswithinthedreamersownpsyche。

This,Jungsaid,isthesubjectivelevelofadreamsmeaning.JungcriticizedFreudforacknowledgingonlytheobjectivelevel;thetruenatureofdreams,Jungbelieved,istoportrayboththeselevelsofthedreamerslife. 2.1InterpretationofLysander’sDream Jung,ingeneral,felttheunconsciousisdrivenbytheprocessof"individuation,

"adrivetowardwholenessandbalancebetweenthecontraryforcesofthepsychethroughthe"transcendentfunction."Likethehumanisticpsychologistswouldargue,Jungfeltthattheunconsciousisalsoasourceofhealthandvitalityratherthansimplypathologicalforces.However,Jungalsofeltthattheunconsciousholdsthepotentialforevilaswellasgood。